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Chapter 78 Foreign Policy of India

India's foreign policy is a critical framework that guides how the country interacts with other nations. This policy aims to promote India's national interests on the global stage. Several important aspects influence this policy, including geographical location, historical context, societal makeup, political systems, global circumstances, economic status, military capabilities, public sentiment, and the leaders in charge....
Chapter 46 Goods And Services Tax Council - GST

The <strong>101st Amendment Act of 2016</strong> was a significant change in India’s tax system. It introduced the <strong>Goods and Services Tax (GST)</strong>, a new way of collecting taxes on goods and services. The main goal of GST is to streamline the tax process and make it easier for businesses and consumers. To implement this tax system effectively, it is essential for the central government and the state governments to work together. ...
Constitutional prescription

The Indian political structure is made up of various institutions and bodies that have specific roles and responsibilities laid out in the Constitution of India. Here, we will explore these institutions and their compositions according to relevant constitutional articles to give a clearer idea of how India's governance works....
Chapter 34 Subordinate Courts In India

The state judiciary in India is made up of a high court and various lower courts, which are also called subordinate courts. The term "subordinate" refers to the fact that these lower courts are under the authority of the high court. In simpler terms, the high court is the main court in the state, and it oversees these lower courts, ensuring that they operate within the framework of laws and justice....
Chapter 29 Governor

The Constitution of India outlines a system of government for the states that is similar to the one used at the national level. This means that India has a parliamentary system both in the Centre (the national government) and in the states. Part VI of the Constitution specifically focuses on how the government operates in the states, including the Articles from 153 to 167, which address the state executive....
Chapter 4 Salient Features Of Constitution

In India, certain principles form the backbone of how the government functions. These principles ensure that the country remains a democracy where the voices of the people are heard, and the government acts responsibly. Let's break down these essential ideas for better understanding....
Chapter 49 Comptroller And Auditor General Of India

The Constitution of India includes Article 148, which establishes an important role known as the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India. This individual leads the Indian Audit and Accounts Department, which is responsible for auditing the government's financial activities. The CAG is often called the guardian of the public purse, as their primary job is to oversee how money is spent by the government at both the national (Centre) and state levels....
Chapter 17 Emergency Provisions

The Emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution are found in Part XVIII, specifically from Articles 352 to 360. These provisions are designed to help the Central government effectively address any unusual or serious situations that may arise in the country. The main reason for including these provisions in the Constitution is to protect the country's sovereignty, unity, integrity, security, democratic political framework, and the Constitution itself....
Chapter 74 Electoral Reforms In India

Over the years, several committees and commissions in India have analyzed the electoral system, the mechanics of elections, and the procedures involved. Based on their findings, they have recommended various reforms to enhance the electoral process. This article delves into the significant committees and their recommendations regarding electoral reforms in India....
Chapter 9 Directive Principles Of State Policy

The Directive Principles of State Policy are a crucial part of the Indian Constitution, found in Part IV, specifically from Articles 36 to 51. These principles serve as guidelines for the government to create policies aimed at achieving socio-economic welfare and justice for all citizens. The framers of the Constitution took inspiration for these principles from the Irish Constitution of 1937, which itself had drawn from the earlier Spanish Constitution....